The rand plunged 11.5 percent to 6.5932 yen.
The currency slumped the most in emerging markets, losing as much as 7.6 percent before trading 6.6 percent weaker at 15.3638 per dollar by 6:23 am in Johannesburg, the weakest level on a closing basis since 2 June.
At the same time, the pound has dropped to its lowest level in three decades against the dollar as the leave camp takes a lead in the Brexit poll count.
The European Union’s chief concerns over Britain’s vote to leave the group are political but losing its second-largest economy will have a huge economic impact as well.
Below are some of the main economic risks and benefits for the EU’s remaining 27 members.