LIFESTYLE NEWS - A type of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheria causes diphtheria.
The condition is typically spread through person-to-person contact or through contact with objects that have the bacteria on them, such as a cup or used tissue.
Children are routinely vaccinated against diphtheria. However, diphtheria is still fairly common in countries where immunisation rates are low.
In these countries, children under five and people over 60 are particularly at risk of getting diphtheria.
Signs of diphtheria often appear within two to five days after the infection occurs. Some people don't experience any symptoms, while others have mild symptoms that are similar to those of the common cold.
Once you're infected, the bacteria may release dangerous substances called toxins. The toxins spread through your bloodstream and often cause a thick, grey coating to form in the mouth, nose and throat. Fever and chills, swollen neck glands, a barking cough, excessive drooling and bluish skin may also appear.
In some cases, these toxins can also damage other organs, including the heart, brain and kidneys. This can lead to potentially life-threatening complications, such as myocarditis, paralysis, or kidney failure.
Diphtheria is a serious condition, so your doctor will want to treat you quickly and aggressively. The first step of treatment is an antitoxin injection. This is used to counteract the toxin produced by the bacteria. Your doctor will also prescribe antibiotics, such as erythromycin and penicillin, to help clear up the infection.
Diphtheria is preventable with the use of antibiotics and vaccines.
Vaccines only last for 10 years, so your child will need to be vaccinated again around age 12. For adults, it's recommended that you get a combined diphtheria and tetanus booster shot. This is known as the tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine. Taking these steps can help prevent you and your child from getting diphtheria in the future. - Source: Healthline
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